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The many faces of birding: I and the Bird #128

The Bird Ecology Study Group welcomes you to I and the Bird #128. This is our second hosting, the first being in November 2008.

Watching birds can be fascinating. After all, there is a wide diversity of sizes, colours and vocalisation to attract our attention. And when birds congregate in masses to feed, roost or prepare for migration, they cannot help but be conspicuous.

There are many ways of watching birds. Most are satisfied to simply identify the birds they see, and maybe make the necessary ticks on their checklist and move on. Others are just happy to spot a new species, like Karen who saw her first Yellow-crowned Night Heron, a bird she did not know was around the area she is in - Maryland, USA.

Susannah, hailing from British Columbia, Canada had a happy encounter with a Turkey Vulture on her drive down to the sunshine coast. She had not seen one before, at least not as close as this one for her to identify - the bald red head, the two-toned underside of the wings, the black wing linings and dark grey feathers.

Similarly, Gloria was surprised when she heard the distinctive call of the Oriental Pied Hornbill around her high-rise residential area in urban Singapore. Looking out of her bedroom window, she noticed the hornbill perching on top of the next block. She has been monitoring the bird life around her area for some four years now, with nearly 40 species spotted.

Recreational birding can also be done around your backyard where Beverly had the opportunity to observe the fledglings of so many different species, from goldfinches to House Sparrow and House Finch. It must have been a good season to see so many backyard birds completing their breeding cycles successfully…

Kay, who is from Texas, USA, is also a keen backyard-frontyard birder. So far she had seen more than 260 species… and counting. June being about nesting, she had a busy time tracking the birds for a lead to their nests – flycatcher, whistling-duck, mockingbird, oriole, grackles… The birdhouses were no problem but the natural nesting sites were.

Or you can birdwatch at your favourite patch - or a new patch that Michael ended up in when he had a few hours to spare at the University of Essex, England, after dropping off someone there. He was planning to count coots but did he succeed in counting them? Or did he count cows instead? Well, when you are in an unfamiliar patch…

When Joan was at Wilkeys County, Georgia in the US to do a night survey of frogs, she visited a field the next afternoon on her way home. There was a couple of Wild Turkeys with four chicks foraging that she enjoyed watching.

Some birders move away from their comfort zone, travelling some distance away to new areas. Wai Mun did just that, taking a short boat trip to look for seabirds. Due to bad weather, only the Short-tailed Petrel of the three target birds was seen. But there were sightings of an Asian Koel and Spotted Wood Owl on a side trip on the way home.

Susan travelled a longer distance south from her hometown. She visited the popular Panti Bird Sanctuary in Johor, Malaysia. There were birds aplenty, but then she was disturbed to find out that logging activities are still going on around. Will logging encroach onto the sanctuary? Has it actually done so?

When Boon Eu found out that the Belum-Temengor Forest in Malaysia is in danger of being slowly destroyed by logging, he linked up with the Malaysian Nature Society to lobby for the saving of the habitat where at least 2,000 individuals of the Plain-pouched Hornbills regularly flock to roost and to feed.

A trip to Panama from his base in the US is the ultimate in birding trips. This was what Mike did recently. Spending the night in the renowned Canopy Tower afforded him the surreal experience of waking up at dawn to a spectacular view of the rainforest canopy and no doubt the dawn chorus of the numerous South American birds.

Recreational birding has different effects on different people. Some feel pleasantly satisfied after a morning of looking at birds. Others feel elated, especially when a lifer has been spotted. To Flowergirl from Madras, India, it brings out the poet in her. Check out her poem on the koel laying her egg in a crow’s nest…

A common fixture of recreational birding is the bird race where participants join in to see who can spot the most birds during a fixed period. That was what Tabib did for the last two years, not as a participant but as an observer. Unfortunately he will not be at this year’s Fraser’s Hill International Bird Race in the highland resort of Malaysia.

But birdwatching can also be a vicarious experience, as seen in Kevin, a self confessed nature spy. He trawls the net to seek out photographs of interesting sightings by bird photographers and birdwatchers, borrowing the images and highlighting them in his blog, as in this Grey-headed Fish Eagle. This is his way of popularising bird photography to a wider audience.

The curious birders not only look at birds, they also study them - observing their behaviour, however basic they may appear to be. Jill is one such example. She writes about the social behaviour of the Pygmy Nuthatches, how they share roost cavities, how the young from past years assist in breeding chores, warning against predators, etc.

Similarly, Samson became fascinated with the preening activities of the Spotted Wood Owl when he came across one in Singapore. It was daytime when he photographed the owl indulging in such comfort behaviour. As the owl is a nocturnal bird, he naturally wondered whether owls also preen during the night. This is a thinking birder, always questioning and never taking things for granted. Something that should be encouraged!

In the case of Clare, who is from Quebec, Canada, he headed for Marcil Lake to greet the arriving Red-throated Loons with his camera and accessories in tow. He had planned to document their behaviour. Somehow or other he ended up photographing the Long-tailed Ducks and their various antics in the water.

Although Clare missed the loons, GrrlScientist, has provided an image and calls of the Pacific Loon in her post - in a form of a “mystery bird”. Viewers were supposed to name at least one field mark to support their identification. Apparently “loon” refers to either the bird’s clumsy movements on land or to its distinctive wailing calls.

Duncan documented “ten seconds in the life of s lapwing”, showing photographs of the bird standing on one leg, scratching its chin, stretching a wing… The comfort behaviour of a Masked Lapwing. After all, a picture is worth a thousand words, don’t you think? And we have more than a single picture.

And then there are the specialists, who are meticulous in their documenting of bird behaviour. John is one such birder. The return of the House Wren to the nesting box allowed him to make further observations on the nesting behaviour - 12 days incubation, brood of 4-6 chicks, female incubates while both adults feed the chicks…

Photographers can also be meticulous in what they want, as Amila found out when he took a group of “high-octane” bird-photographers into a rainforest in Sri Lanka. The mark of a successful tour? The quality of night birds seen! They did see nine out of 15 resident nocturnal species and many others as well.

A camera on a birding trip always proves useful. Amber’s encounter with a hummingbird with its bill probing through a bunch of flowers may well be thought of as nectar foraging. But it was actually stealing insects trapped in a spider’s web found between the flowers. And there is photographic evidence of bits of silk attached to her bill.

More specialists. Andrew & Sarah took the sound approach to birding. Armed with the equipment of the trade, the adventurous pair travelled to Turkey. Not to a rainforest mind you, but to a harsh, rocky gorge where you would not expect the bird life to be rich. But it was surprising rich. And the bird songs were equally rewarding.

Of course viewing birds on film is the ultimate experience. On film, you can study every details of behaviour over and over again. And Gunnar has brought to us the Long-whiskered Owlet, video-filmed for the first time by Shachar Alterman. If you need to view the owlet, you need to travel to Esperanza in Peru.

The final word comes from Grant who suggests using the spotting scope that birders use for birds, to look at stars…

Well, the above are the different way people enjoy birds. You can just look at birds. You can study birds. You can photograph or video birds. Or you can record their songs and calls. After all, to each his/her own. And as long as you are enjoying what you are doing, go for it.

The I and the Bird #129, scheduled for 8th August 2010 will be the fifth anniversary edition, to be hosted by 10,000 Birds. Contributors will be asked to do something special - rather than provide a new post, Mike would “like everyone to submit the best birding trip report they’ve ever written on their blogs. Any report, whether it be distant travel or local birding, is welcome as long as it’s good.”

Birding in Singapore and the challenges of the 21st century

“Birding in Singapore and the Challenges of the 21st Century” has just been published by Nature in Singapore, the scientific online journal of the Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, University of Singapore. You can download a PDF file by clicking HERE (#9).

The paper details the changes that need to be urgently implemented to bring the local birdwatching scene to a higher level. Challenging activities need to be incorporated into routine activities if interest in birdwatching is to be maintained. Documenting bird behaviour and studying bird calls and songs are major aspects that citizen scientists can contribute to the ornithological knowledge of the local species. The camera has become a basic necessity in birdwatching and photographs need to be accompanied in any sightings of rarities and difficult species, if the local records committee is to remain creditable.

It is not enough to just report observations in websites and in-house newsletters. There is a need to publish them in scientific journals, making information available to ornithologists and birdwatchers alike. Similarly, it is not enough to compile information into books if manuscripts are not properly reviewed.

Whatever it is, the dynamics of birdwatching in Singapore has changed irreversibly since the early 2000s. And if you are a birdwatcher, photographer, nature enthusiast, ornithologist, citizen scientist… this paper will have something for you.

Images courtesy of Dr Jonathan WK Cheah.

Recent field trip to Nam Sang Wai, Hongkong

“It is not very often that I would travel for the sake of watching and enjoying the companionship of wild birds but on December 2009 I made my first solo bird photography trip to HongKong. I was well received by my host Mr KK Hui, a retired chartered engineer turned accredited Fellow of The Royal Photographic Society (FRPS). As with those countless encounter out field when strangers just become friends linked by our common interests in birds, I got to know KK via another birding mate. While we have never met in person, that did not pose as a barrier to our communication.

[L: Greater Egret taking a mudskipper. R: Chasing Northern Shoveler with shellfish in beak]

“The place on our agenda was known as Nam Sang Wai (NSW), a stretch of river where hundreds of winter visitors feed yearly. According to KK, one can expect to observe a different species landing with each passing week towards late spring at close proximity (within meters), distances that are impossible to achieve locally without first flushing the avians. One possible explanation for their high tolerance of human presence could be attributed to the geographic location of the river bank and the river itself: the river bank is on higher ground at a meter about the river level, thereby creating an impression of alienation to the feeding birds in the river at low tide. Guided by a good tutor and an adolescent heart, we took a 45mins drive along the country side from the buzzing city centre the next morning after I landed.

[L: Endangered Black-faced Spoonbill. R: Pied Avocet pre-landing gears down]

“My senses were first assailed when we were greeted by a flock of great cormorants against the brightening morning sky by the left filter from the highway driving into NSW. They appeared as black triangles aligned in the typical arrow-head formation in flight overhead. To our left are some abandoned prawn rearing farms or otherwise known as ke wai, with the fertile river to our right. It took another 5mins drive-in before we arrived at the intersection of Shan Pui River and Kam Tin River, where we parked and unpacked for some nice bird-in-flight (BIF) images.

The feeling of watching hundreds of shore birds feasting on the river bed at close proximity under gusting chilling wind conditions is nothing short of amazing. A quick check on my guidebook revealed the following: 1. Northern Shoveler; 2. Common Pintail; 3. Crested Grebe; 4. Gull; 5. Great Egret; 6. White-napped Raven; 7. Osprey; 8. Peregrine Falcon; 9. White-bellied Sea Eagle; 10. Common Teal; 11. White Wagtail; 12. Common Sandpiper; 13. Great Cormorant; 14. Pied Avocet; 15. Black-wingged Stilts; 16. Black-faced Spoonbill; 17. Little Egret; 18. Grey Heron; 19. Javan Pond Heron; 20. Common Pochard; 21. Tufted Duck; 22. White-throated Kingfisher; 23. Starlings and 24. Black-headed Gull.

[L: Northern Shoveler performing a fly-pass with full wing-spread. R: Common Pintail stretching its wings early morning]

“Based on the photographs taken, it appearred these wintering birds are feeding off the river on shell-fish and mud-skippers among others. Interestingly, the ducks are curious as usual and would attempt to check out the row of photographers lining the shore by swimming within 5 metres proximity. Feeding may also occur at such distance, suggesting comfort behaviour even in the presence of humans. Tolerant as these birds are to humans, some events can easily trigger a mass take-off. They include a motor boat cruising pass and the raving engine of a rubbish truck.

[L: Great Cormorant flying over calm water. R: Starlings taking off in great numbers]

“Territorial dispute over food is rare and few in-between, normally observed to occur between pair of ducks and avocets. In particular, a Pied Avocet demonstrated aggressive behaviour when it consistently chased an incoming Avocet away by trying to pin its opponent down under. Each time, the lesser bird would cower and take flight for the opposite shore, only to return minutes later to try its luck again. This cyclic behaviour offered delightful moments for action shots.

[L: Black-wingged Stilt fly-pass. R: Common Teal Landing with a splash]

“While replenishing food supply is a top priority for these wintering birds, sex is also readily observed for some species of ducks. On two separate occasions spread over 2 days, a pair of pintail was observed to demonstrate some frolicking behaviour in the shallow water about 10 meters away, with one bird pinning the other bird under water, leading myself and other observers to conclude these actions to be ‘duck-rape’.

“On the opposite shore, a White-naped Raven easily double the size of a normal house crow was observed to harass some feeding shorebirds over 3 afternoons. Each time the Raven landed, the surrounding feeding shore birds would take flight, with only the grey herons staying put.

“Probably attributed to the winter season, most of the shore birds are in non-breeding plumages. For example, the pintail are lacking the diagnostic pin and gorgeous plumages and some Black-wingged Stilts showed partial black head-dress. Tis perhaps the draw of full breeding plumages that beckons that I shall return once again to this fertile river in Mar 2010. Probably this time round I’d spend more time at the Mai Po nature reserve to bring more interesting content to share.” [L: Black-headed Gull landing for a fish]

Text and images by Dr Jeff Lim.

“Raising a Family” – A photographic exhibition

“Raising a Family” is a photo exhibition on the breeding behaviour of birds that include nest building, incubation, brooding and adult-fledgling relationship. The excellent photographs on exhibition have been provided by NaturePixels.org and BESG, with Nature’s Niche Pte Ltd and Sentosa Nature Discovery organising the event.

Photographers have been documenting bird behaviour for more than a few years now, and with stunning results. Lately, younger birdwatchers have not only made it a habit of bringing along a camera when out birdwatching, many have also shared their observations on the blog. Indeed, the local birdwatching scene has become more interesting as our knowledge on bird behaviour improved by leaps and bounds as a result.

The current exhibition is another joint BESG-NaturePixels.org project to bring the study of bird behaviour to a wider audience.

Awareness of the intriguing aspects of bird life can only lead to further appreciation of our avian fauna. This in turn can only bring about a deeper commitment to nature conservation.

Location: Sentosa Imbiah Lookout
Date: 1st November till 31st December 2009
Opening time: 9am to 6pm
Getting there: Sentosa and use Blue line bus, red line bus or Sentosa express (alight at Imbiah station)

Image by Joe Yao.

Bird Ecology Study Group blog…

It was a pleasant surprise to receive an unsolicited ‘comment’ from Lee Chiu San on the occasion of our million blog hits. The text is reproduced below to serve as an encouragement to the people behind it - contributors, photographers, BESG panel of technical advisors, visitors and more…

“To YC and the others helping to put together this site.

“Congratulations for the amount of work that you put in and the quality of the discussions. YC and I had a mutual friend (the late Professor Roland Sharma of the Zoology Department) and he knew that even more than 40 years ago I already had a strong interest in nature.

“Since retirement, I spend much time on various nature discussion sites, and I can say unequivocally that BESG is the best site that I visit, both locally and internationally.

“I know what is needed to put together a good publication, having been a professional journalist and editor for half my working life (I spent the other half in a more respectable job, as a car salesman).

“This BESG site is frequently updated. The information is either accurate or open-ended, meaning that discussion is invited. I commend the contributors for not being afraid to sometimes say that they do not know.

“And the tone of the arguments has (generally) been logical. The language used here is certainly of a higher order of civility and relevance than that used in the Straits Times Interactive On-line Forum.

“A site of such quality does not develop by itself without the efforts of people who not only have enthusiasm but also the right quality of thought.

“No wonder it has garnered over a million hits. Let’s look forward to the second million.

“Thanks again to the BESG Team.”

Note: I knew of Lee Chiu San by reputation as he used to write for the local Straits Times in his capacity as racing correspondent. Yes, we had a common friend in the late Roland Sharma of the then Zoology Department, National University of Singapore. Roland was heading the then Malayan Nature Society (Singapore Branch) as Chairman with me as Secretary. I lost contact with Chiu San until he started accessing this blog in 2009 and made a post. Then in the recent ORA dinner, I met him by chance after so many decades. YC

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"You can know the name of a bird in all the languages of the world,
but when you're finished,
you'll know absolutely nothing whatever about the bird...
So let's look at the bird and see what it's doing - that's what counts.
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